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Zener diode

What is a zener diode ?

A zener diode ( z-diode ) is an electronic component, which often is be used to stabilize a voltage or to provide a reference voltage ( voltage reference diode) in electronic circuits.

Zener diode Image 1:
Zener diode
The sketch shows a 0.5 watt zener diode in a glass casing (DO-35).
L = 4 mm (max.); D = 1.8 mm (max.)
Next to the diode the symbol of a zener diode.

How to use a zener diode ?

A zener diode is implemented in an electronic circuit in the reverse direction (opposite the normal forward direction of a diode).
Image 2 shows a zener diode used in a simple dc power supply (dc = direct current).
The output voltage Uz in this example is 6.2 volt. The input voltage Ub in this example can be in the range of 9 to 14 volt.
At the output you can take out a small current up to 5 mA (milliampere).
Zener diode in circuit
Image 2:
Zener diode in a circuit.
ZD = Zener diode 6.2 volt / 0.5 watt
R  = Resistor 220 ohm / 0.5 watt
Ub = Input voltage 9 to 14 volt
Uz = Output voltage 6.2 volt ( 5.8 to 6.6 volt )

Zener voltages and power range of zener diodes

Zener diodes are available for zener voltages (in image 2 the voltage Uz) from about 2.7 volt to about 200 volt.
and in the power range of about 0.5 to 20 watt.


Note:   1 mm = 0.0394 inch   1 cm = 0.394 inch ;

  
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Last update of this web page: 18.Nov. 2001